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Philo of Byzantium [a] (Ancient Greek: Φίλων ὁ Βυζάντιος, Phílōn ho Byzántios, c. 280 BC – c. 220 BC), also known as Philo Mechanicus (Latin for "Philo the Engineer"), was a Greek engineer, physicist and writer on mechanics, who lived during the latter half of the 3rd century BC.
Philo of Byzantium is credited with the construction of the first thermoscope (or Philo thermometer), an early version of the thermometer. [6] It is also thought, but not certain, that Galileo Galilei discovered the specific principle on which the device is based and built the first thermoscope in 1593.
Fludd's figure of Philo's experiment. In the 3rd century BC, Philo of Byzantium documented his experiment with a tube submerged in a container of liquid on one end and connected to an air-tight, hollow sphere on the other. When air in the sphere is heated with a candle or by exposing it to the sun, expanding air exits the sphere and generates ...
The characteristic multi-domed profile of the Byzantine Hagia Sophia, the first pendentive dome in history, has shaped Orthodox and Islamic architecture alike. [1] This is a list of Byzantine inventions. The Byzantine or Eastern Roman Empire represented the continuation of the Roman Empire after a part of it collapsed.
The inventor Philo of Byzantium (280–220 BC) described an eight-sided ink pot with an opening on each side, which can be turned so that any face is on top, dip in a pen and ink it-yet the ink never runs out through the holes of the side. This was done by the suspension of the inkwell at the center, which was mounted on a series of concentric ...
1617 — Giuseppe Biancani published the first clear diagram of a thermoscope; 1624 — The word thermometer (in its French form) first appeared in La Récréation Mathématique by Jean Leurechon, who describes one with a scale of 8 degrees. [2] 1629 — Joseph Solomon Delmedigo describes in a book an accurate sealed-glass thermometer that uses ...
The final decline and collapse of the Byzantine empire in the fifteenth century heightened contact between its scholars and those of the west. Translation into Latin of the full range of Greek classics ensued, including the historians, poets, playwrights and non-Aristotelian philosophers.
These early devices were called thermoscopes. The first sealed thermometer was constructed in 1654 by the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Ferdinand II . [ 1 ] : 19 The development of today's thermometers and temperature scales began in the early 18th century, when Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit produced a mercury thermometer and scale, both developed by Ole ...