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Alpha cells are most commonly found on the dorsal side of the pancreas and are very rarely found on the ventral side of the pancreas. [1] Alpha cells are typically found in compact Islets of Langerhans, which are themselves typically found in the body of the pancreas. [1]
The pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans are the regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (hormone-producing) cells, discovered in 1869 by German pathological anatomist Paul Langerhans. [1] The pancreatic islets constitute 1–2% of the pancreas volume and receive 10–15% of its blood flow.
Pancreatic islets contain alpha cells, beta cells, and delta cells, each of which releases a different hormone. These cells have characteristic positions, with alpha cells (secreting glucagon) tending to be situated around the periphery of the islet, and beta cells (secreting insulin) more numerous and found throughout the islet. [9]
Islets of Langerhans. Alpha cell; Beta cell; PP cell (F cell, gamma cell) Delta cell; Epsilon cell; Pharyngeal pouch. Thyroid gland Follicular cell; Parafollicular ...
Parathyroid gland cells Oxyphil cell Alpha cell: glucagon secretion Pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) Beta cell: insulin and amylin secretion Delta cell: somatostatin secretion Epsilon cell: ghrelin secretion PP cell (gamma cell) pancreatic polypeptide secretion Salivary gland mucous cell Exocrine secretory epithelial cells Ectoderm ...
n/a Ensembl n/a n/a UniProt n a n/a RefSeq (mRNA) n/a n/a RefSeq (protein) n/a n/a Location (UCSC) n/a n/a PubMed search n/a n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas. It raises the concentration of glucose and fatty acids in the bloodstream and is considered to be the main catabolic hormone of the body. It is also used as a medication ...
Incretins are released after eating and augment the secretion of insulin released from pancreatic beta cells of the islets of Langerhans by a blood-glucose–dependent mechanism. [1] Some incretins also inhibit glucagon release from the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans. In addition, they slow the rate of absorption of nutrients into the ...
If the blood glucose level falls to dangerously low levels (as during very heavy exercise or lack of food for extended periods), the alpha cells of the pancreas release glucagon, a peptide hormone which travels through the blood to the liver, where it binds to glucagon receptors on the surface of liver cells and stimulates them to break down glycogen stored inside the cells into glucose (this ...