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Roth's spots, also known as Litten spots or the Litten sign, [1] are non-specific red lesions with white or pale centres, seen on the retina of the eye and although traditionally associated with infective endocarditis, can occur in a number of other conditions including hypertension, diabetes, collagen vascular disease, extreme hypoxia, leukemia and HIV.
Other signs of endocarditis include Roth's spots and Janeway lesions. The latter, which also occur on the palms and soles, can be differentiated from Osler's nodes because they are non-tender. [2] Osler's nodes can also be seen in Systemic lupus erythematosus; Marantic endocarditis; Disseminated gonococcal infection; Distal to infected arterial ...
Immunologic phenomena: glomerulonephritis which allows for blood and albumin to enter the urine, [12] Osler's nodes ("ephemeral spots of a painful nodular erythema, chiefly in the skin of the hands and feet"), Roth's spots on the retina, positive serum rheumatoid factor; Other signs may include night sweats, rigors, anemia, spleen enlargement [22]
Janeway lesions present as red, painless macules and papules on the palms and soles. [1]They are not common and are frequently indistinguishable from Osler's nodes.Rarely, they have been reported in cases of systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), gonococcemia (disseminated gonorrhoea), haemolytic anaemia and typhoid fever.
Roth's spots: Moritz Roth: ophthalmology, internal medicine: various, including SBE and systemic vasculitides: Roth's spot at Who Named It? retinal haemorrhages with pale centres seen at fundoscopy Rovsing's sign: Niels Thorkild Rovsing: general surgery: appendicitis: Rovsing's sign at Who Named It? palpation of LLQ elicits pain in RLQ Rumpel ...
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Signs and symptoms are also applied to physiological states outside the context of disease, as for example when referring to the signs and symptoms of pregnancy, or the symptoms of dehydration. Sometimes a disease may be present without showing any signs or symptoms when it is known as being asymptomatic . [ 13 ]