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A heterokaryon is the melding of two or more cells into one and it may reproduce itself for several generations. [4] If two of the same type of cells fuse but their nuclei do not fuse, then the resulting cell is called a syncytium. [5] Heterotypic cell fusion occurs between cells of different types.
Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.Tissue formation during embryonic development, wound healing and immune responses all require the orchestrated movement of cells in particular directions to specific locations.
Cells contain hereditary information that is carried forward as a genetic code during cell division. [140] There are two primary types of cells, reflecting their evolutionary origins. Prokaryote cells lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, although they have circular DNA and ribosomes. Bacteria and Archaea are two domains of ...
In certain lymphocytes in the human immune system, V(D)J recombination generates different genomic sequences such that each cell produces a unique antibody or T cell receptors. During meiosis, diploid cells divide twice to produce haploid germ cells. During this process, recombination results in a reshuffling of the genetic material from ...
The different stages of mitosis altogether define the mitotic phase (M phase) of a cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells genetically identical to each other. [3] The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next.
For humans, we're 99.9 percent similar to the person sitting next to us. The rest of those genes tell us everything from our eye color to if we're predisposed to certain diseases.
Parts-per-million cube of relative abundance by mass of elements in an average adult human body down to 1 ppm. About 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium ...
Before a cell divides, the DNA is copied, so that each of the resulting two cells will inherit the DNA sequence. Portions of a DNA molecule that specify a single functional unit are called genes; different genes have different sequences of bases. Within cells, each long strand of DNA is called a chromosome.