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2. Idle scan - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idle_scan

   IP is the primary protocol in the Internet Layer of the Internet Protocol Suite and has the task of delivering datagrams from the source host to the destination host solely based on their addresses. For this purpose, IP defines addressing methods and structures for datagram encapsulation .

3. Christmas tree packet - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_tree_packet

   By analyzing those differences, Christmas tree packets can be used as a method of TCP/IP stack fingerprinting, exposing the underlying nature of a TCP/IP stack by sending the packets and then awaiting and analyzing the responses. When used as part of scanning a system, the TCP header of a Christmas tree packet has the flags FIN, URG and PSH set ...

4. Stateful firewall - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stateful_firewall

   A stateful firewall keeps track of the state of network connections, such as TCP streams, UDP datagrams, and ICMP messages, and can apply labels such as LISTEN, ESTABLISHED, or CLOSING. [2]

5. Port knocking - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_knocking

   Defeating port knocking protection requires large-scale brute force attacks in order to discover even simple sequences. An anonymous brute force attack against a three-knock TCP sequence (e.g. port 1000, 2000, 3000) would require an attacker to test every three port combination in the 1–65535 range and then scan each port between attacks to uncover any changes in port access on the target ...

6. TCP/IP stack fingerprinting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP/IP_stack_fingerprinting

   TCP/IP stack fingerprinting is the remote detection of the characteristics of a TCP/IP stack implementation. The combination of parameters may then be used to infer the remote machine's operating system (aka, OS fingerprinting ), or incorporated into a device fingerprint .

7. TCP reset attack - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP_reset_attack

   The basic protocol used on the Internet is the Internet Protocol (IP), which is usually coupled with additional protocols such as TCP (Transmission Control Protocol [2]) or UDP (User Datagram Protocol). TCP/IP is the protocol set used for email and web browsing. Each protocol has a block of information, called a header, included near the front ...