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  2. Intracardiac injection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intracardiac_injection

    The practice of intracardiac injection originated in the 1800s. It was commonly performed during the 1960s, as it was considered the fastest way to get medication to the heart. The practice began declining during the 1970s as more reliable delivery methods (i.e., intravenous, endotracheal, and intraosseous) came into use. Around that time ...

  3. Epinephrine (medication) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epinephrine_(medication)

    Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a medication and hormone. [10] [11] As a medication, it is used to treat several conditions, including anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, asthma, and superficial bleeding. [8] Inhaled epinephrine may be used to improve the symptoms of croup. [12] It may also be used for asthma when other treatments are not ...

  4. Myostatin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myostatin

    Myostatin is a myokine that is produced and released by myocytes and acts on muscle cells to inhibit muscle growth. [7] Myostatin is a secreted growth differentiation factor that is a member of the TGF beta protein family. [8] [9] Myostatin is assembled and produced in skeletal muscle before it is released into the blood stream. [10]

  5. Adrenaline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenaline

    Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication [10] [11] which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration). [10] [12] It appears as a white microcrystalline granule. [13] Adrenaline is normally produced by the adrenal glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla oblongata. [14]

  6. Intramuscular injection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramuscular_injection

    Intramuscular injection, often abbreviated IM, is the injection of a substance into a muscle. In medicine , it is one of several methods for parenteral administration of medications. Intramuscular injection may be preferred because muscles have larger and more numerous blood vessels than subcutaneous tissue, leading to faster absorption than ...

  7. Cardiotonic agent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiotonic_agent

    Cardiotonic agents, also known as cardiac inotropes or stimulants, have a positive impact on the myocardium (muscular layer of the heart) by enhancing its contractility. . Unlike general inotropes, these agents exhibit a higher level of specificity as they selectively target the myocar

  8. Adrenergic receptor autoantibodies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenergic_receptor_auto...

    The mechanism of adrenergic receptors. Adrenaline or noradrenaline are receptor ligands to either α 1, α 2 or β-adrenergic receptors. α 1 couples to G q, which results in increased intracellular Ca 2+ and subsequent smooth muscle contraction.

  9. Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_excitation...

    Firstly, it binds to the intracellular side of the DHPR, signalling the channels to close and preventing further influx of Ca 2+ into the cell. Secondly Ca 2+ indirectly activates proteins, called myofilaments, resulting in muscle contraction. The two main myofilaments in cardiac (and skeletal) muscle are actin and myosin.