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Generally, dark navy blue chrysocolla is too soft to be used in jewelry, while cyan, green, and blue-green chrysocolla can have a hardness approaching 6, similar to turquoise. Chrysocolla chalcedony is a heavily silicified form of chrysocolla that forms in quartz deposits and can be very hard and approach a hardness of 7. [9] [10] [11]
Mottramite (green) with chrysocolla (blue) from Mono County, California, US Orange wulfenite on dark grey mottramite from Gila County, Arizona, USA Calcite (white) covered by green mottramite from Tsumeb, Namibia Quartz matrix with a partial coverage of dark brown mottramite from Arm O'Grain, Caldbeck Fells, UK Mottramite, Olifantsfontein ...
Mohs hardness of materials (data page) Vickers hardness test; Brinell scale This page was last edited on ...
Intergrowth with other secondary copper minerals such as chrysocolla is also common. Turquoise is distinguished from chrysocolla, the only common mineral with similar properties, by its greater hardness. [2] Turquoise forms a complete solid solution series with chalcosiderite, CuFe 6 (PO 4) 4 (OH) 8 ·4H 2 O, in which ferric iron replaces ...
However, the mineral's inferior hardness of 5 compared with emerald's greater hardness of 8 easily distinguished it. Eventually, in 1797, the mineralogist Fr. René Just Haüy determined that the enigmatic Altyn-Tyube mineral was new to science and named it dioptase ( Greek , dia , "through" and optos , "visible"), alluding to the internal ...
Martin Ruland (Lexicon alchemiae) explains chrysocolla as molybdochalkos, a copper-lead alloy. In Leyden papyrus X recipe 31 chrysocolla is an alloy composed of 4 parts copper, 2 parts asem (a kind of tin-copper alloy) and 1 part gold. Argyrochrysocolla appears to designate an alloy of gold and silver. [3]
It has a Mohs hardness of 1.5–2.0 and a specific gravity of 3.1–3.2. It is translucent with refractive indices of nα = 1.694, nβ = 1.726, and nγ = 1.730. It is a secondary mineral formed by the weathering of associated copper and arsenic minerals. It was first described in 1845 for an occurrence in Schwaz, Tyrol, Austria.
Tenorite commonly occurs with chrysocolla and the copper carbonates, azurite and malachite. The dull grey-black color of tenorite contrasts sharply with the often intergrown blue chrysocolla . Cuprite , native copper and Fe – Mn oxides also occur in this environment.