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In mathematics, a product is the result of multiplication, or an expression that identifies objects (numbers or variables) to be multiplied, called factors. For example, 21 is the product of 3 and 7 (the result of multiplication), and x ⋅ ( 2 + x ) {\displaystyle x\cdot (2+x)} is the product of x {\displaystyle x} and ( 2 + x ) {\displaystyle ...
Here, 2 is being multiplied by 3 using scaling, giving 6 as a result. Animation for the multiplication 2 × 3 = 6 4 × 5 = 20. The large rectangle is made up of 20 squares, each 1 unit by 1 unit. Area of a cloth 4.5m × 2.5m = 11.25m 2; 4 1 / 2 × 2 1 / 2 = 11 1 / 4
For the multiplicative inverse of a real number, divide 1 by the number. For example, the reciprocal of 5 is one fifth (1/5 or 0.2), and the reciprocal of 0.25 is 1 divided by 0.25, or 4. The reciprocal function, the function f(x) that maps x to 1/x, is one of the simplest examples of a function which is its own inverse (an involution).
It is valid to divide both sides by , obtaining the following equation: x + 2 x − 2 = 0. {\displaystyle {\frac {x+2}{x-2}}=0.} This is valid because the only value of x {\displaystyle x} that makes x − 2 {\displaystyle x-2} equal to zero is x = 2 , {\displaystyle x=2,} which is not a solution to the original equation.
For example, antiderivatives of x 2 + 1 have the form 1 / 3 x 3 + x + c. For polynomials whose coefficients come from more abstract settings (for example, if the coefficients are integers modulo some prime number p , or elements of an arbitrary ring), the formula for the derivative can still be interpreted formally, with the coefficient ...
For any circle, its circumference c, divided by its diameter d, is equal to the constant pi, (approximately 3.14). Main article: Variable (mathematics) Elementary algebra builds on and extends arithmetic [ 26 ] by introducing letters called variables to represent general (non-specified) numbers.
In algebraic notation, widely used in mathematics, a multiplication symbol is usually omitted wherever it would not cause confusion: "a multiplied by b" can be written as ab or a b. [ 1 ] Other symbols can also be used to denote multiplication, often to reduce confusion between the multiplication sign × and the common variable x .
In mathematics, exponentiation, denoted b n, is an operation involving two numbers: the base, b, and the exponent or power, n. [1] When n is a positive integer, exponentiation corresponds to repeated multiplication of the base: that is, b n is the product of multiplying n bases: [1] = ⏟.