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A polyolefin is a type of polymer with the general formula (CH 2 CHR) n where R is an alkyl group. They are usually derived from a small set of simple olefins ( alkenes ). Dominant in a commercial sense are polyethylene and polypropylene .
In organic chemistry, an alkene, or olefin, is a hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon double bond. [1] The double bond may be internal or in the terminal position.
In organic chemistry, terminal alkenes (alpha-olefins, α-olefins, or 1-alkenes) are a family of organic compounds which are alkenes (also known as olefins) with a chemical formula C x H 2x, distinguished by having a double bond at the primary, alpha (α), or 1-position. [1]
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Straight-chain terminal alkenes, also called linear alpha olefins (LAO) or normal alpha olefins (NAO), are alkenes (olefins) having a chemical formula C n H 2n, distinguished from other alkenes with a similar molecular formula by being terminal alkenes, in which the double bond occurs at the alpha (α-, 1-or primary) position, and by having a linear (unbranched) hydrocarbon chain.
In polymer chemistry, chain walking (CW) or chain running or chain migration is a mechanism that operates during some alkene polymerization reactions. CW can be also considered as a specific case of intermolecular chain transfer (analogous to radical ethene polymerization).
In these cases, the alkenes RCH=CH 2 are converted to high molecular weight alkanes (-RCHCH 2-) n (R = H, CH 3, Cl, CO 2 CH 3). Other forms of chain growth polymerization include cationic addition polymerization and anionic addition polymerization. A special case of chain-growth polymerization leads to living polymerization.
A Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, is a catalyst used in the synthesis of polymers of 1-alkenes (alpha-olefins).Two broad classes of Ziegler–Natta catalysts are employed, distinguished by their solubility: