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Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula H 2 O 2.In its pure form, it is a very pale blue [5] liquid that is slightly more viscous than water.It is used as an oxidizer, bleaching agent, and antiseptic, usually as a dilute solution (3%–6% by weight) in water for consumer use and in higher concentrations for industrial use.
In the presence of a strong acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide produce peracetic acid: [3] H 2 O 2 + CH 3 CO 2 H ⇌ CH 3 CO 3 H + H 2 O. However, in concentrations (3-6%) of vinegar and hydrogen peroxide marketed for household use, mixing without a strong acid catalyst will not form peracetic acid.
Molecular models of the different molecules active in Piranha solution: peroxysulfuric acid (H 2 SO 5) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). Piranha solution, also known as piranha etch, is a mixture of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2).
V eq is the volume of titrant (ml) consumed by the crude oil sample and 1 ml of spiking solution at the equivalent point, b eq is the volume of titrant (ml) consumed by 1 ml of spiking solution at the equivalent point, 56.1 g/mol is the molecular weight of KOH, W oil is the mass of the sample in grams. The normality (N) of titrant is calculated as:
Louis Jacques Thénard first produced hydrogen peroxide in 1818 by reacting barium peroxide with nitric acid. [9] Hydrogen peroxide was first used for bleaching in 1882, but did not become commercially important until after 1930. [10]
The third method involves treatment of acid chlorides: RC(O)Cl + H 2 O 2 → RCO 3 H + HCl. meta-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) is prepared in this way: [7] m-chlorobenzoyl chloride + hydrogen peroxide → m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid. A related method starts with the peroxyanhydride. [8] Aromatic aldehydes can be autoxidized to give ...