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Uremic pruritus. Other names. Uraemic pruritus or Renal pruritus[1] Specialty. Dermatology. Uremic pruritus is caused by chronic kidney failure and is the most common internal systemic cause of itching. [2]: 52–3. Nalfurafine, an orally administered, centrally acting κ-opioid receptor agonist, is approved to treat the condition in Japan.
Pathology. Uremic pericarditis is associated with azotemia, and occurs in about 6-10% of kidney failure patients. BUN is normally >60 mg/dL (normal is 7–20 mg/dL). However, the degree of pericarditis does not correlate with the degree of serum BUN or creatinine elevation. The pathogenesis is poorly understood. [2]
Laboratory values can show increased blood urea nitrogen , or increased blood creatinine in cases of uremic pericarditis. Generally, however, laboratory values are normal, but if there is a concurrent myocardial infarction (heart attack) or great stress to the heart, laboratory values may show increased cardiac markers like Troponin (I, T), CK ...
Acute pericarditis. An ECG showing pericarditis. Note the ST elevation in multiple leads with slight reciprocal ST depression in aVR. Acute pericarditis is a type of pericarditis (inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart, the pericardium) usually lasting less than 4 to 6 weeks. [1] It is the most common condition affecting the pericardium.
Pleurisy Pleural linings and space (marked in blue) The pleural space can be invaded by fluid, air, and particles from other parts of the body, which fairly complicates diagnosis. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] Viral infection ( coxsackie B virus , HRSV , CMV , adenovirus , EBV , parainfluenza , influenza , COVID-19 ) is the most common cause of pleurisy.
Dressler syndrome. Dressler syndrome is a secondary form of pericarditis that occurs in the setting of injury to the heart or the pericardium (the outer lining of the heart). It consists of fever, pleuritic pain, pericarditis and/or pericardial effusion. Dressler syndrome is also known as postmyocardial infarction syndrome[1] and the term is ...
Pericardial friction rub. A pericardial friction rub, also pericardial rub, is an audible medical sign used in the diagnosis of pericarditis. Upon auscultation, this sign is an extra heart sound of to-and-fro character, typically with three components, two systolic and one diastolic. [1] It resembles the sound of squeaky leather and often is ...
Pleuritis or pleurisy is a inflammatory condition of pleurae. Due to the somatic innervation of the parietal pleura, pleural irritations, especially if from acute causes, often produce a sharp chest pain that is worse by breathing, known as pleuritic pain. [citation needed]