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NATO was established on 4 April 1949 via the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty (Washington Treaty). The 12 founding members of the Alliance were: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Following the end of the Franco regime, newly democratic Spain chose to join NATO in 1982. In 1990, the negotiators reached an agreement that a reunified Germany would be in NATO under West Germany's existing membership. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, many former Warsaw Pact and post-Soviet states sought to join NATO.
Map of NATO enlargement (1952–present). The history of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) begins in the immediate aftermath of World War II.In 1947, the United Kingdom and France signed the Treaty of Dunkirk and the United States set out the Truman Doctrine, the former to defend against a potential German attack and the latter to counter Soviet expansion.
NATO has thirty-two members, mostly in Europe with two in North America. NATO's "area of responsibility", within which attacks on member states are eligible for an Article 5 response, is defined under Article 6 of the North Atlantic Treaty to include member territory in Europe, North America, Turkey, and islands in the North Atlantic north of ...
This is also why events such as the Balyun airstrikes did not trigger Article 5, as the Turkish troops that were attacked were in Syria, not Turkey. [67] On 16 April 2003, NATO agreed to take command of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan, which includes troops from 42 countries. The decision came at the request of ...
In December 1980, Édouard Balladur recalled two obvious facts in a column published by Le Figaro: "France is a member of the Atlantic Alliance" and it "is not part of NATO, under American command". [63] A few months later, the election of François Mitterrand marked an "Atlantic shift" in France's foreign policy, according to Paul-Marie de La ...
The United States, fighting on the Allied side, contributed to Luxembourg's liberation in World War I and World War II.More than 5,000 American soldiers, including U.S. Army General George S. Patton, are buried at the Luxembourg American Cemetery and Memorial near the capital of Luxembourg City, and there are monuments in many towns to American liberators.
Ireland was invited to join NATO but did not wish to be in an alliance that included the United Kingdom. [22] Attached the condition of Irish reunification to membership. [22] Was clear that NATO would defend Ireland in the event of war, in part because Northern Ireland belonged to the United Kingdom. [22]