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The Bohr model is a relatively primitive model of the hydrogen atom, compared to the valence shell model. As a theory, it can be derived as a first-order approximation of the hydrogen atom using the broader and much more accurate quantum mechanics and thus may be considered to be an obsolete scientific theory .
In three articles published in 1913, he applied old quantum theory to restrict the revolving electrons to stable orbits, creating the Bohr model of the atom. Faced with the opposing particle and wave interpretations of atomic phenomena in the new quantum mechanics , he proposed the complementarity principle of using both interpretations to ...
The Bohr–Sommerfeld model (also known as the Sommerfeld model or Bohr–Sommerfeld theory) was an extension of the Bohr model to allow elliptical orbits of electrons around an atomic nucleus. Bohr–Sommerfeld theory is named after Danish physicist Niels Bohr and German physicist Arnold Sommerfeld .
The Bohr model was developed beginning 1913, and championed the idea of electron configurations that determine chemical properties. Bohr proposed that elements in the same group behaved similarly because they have similar electron configurations, and that noble gases had filled valence shells; [102] this forms the basis of the modern octet rule ...
The Bohr model of the chemical bond took into account the Coulomb repulsion - the electrons in the ring are at the maximum distance from each other. [2] Thus, according to this model, the methane molecule is a regular tetrahedron, in which center the carbon nucleus locates, and in the corners - the nucleus of hydrogen. The chemical bond between ...
1911 – Ernest Rutherford: Discovery of the atomic nucleus (Rutherford model) 1911 – Kamerlingh Onnes: Superconductivity; 1912 - Victor Francis Hess: Cosmic rays; 1913 – Niels Bohr: Bohr model of the atom; 1915 – Albert Einstein: General relativity; 1915 – Emmy Noether: Noether's theorem relates symmetries to conservation laws.
Bohr was one of the most vocal opponents of the photon idea and did not openly embrace it until 1925. [8] The photon appealed to Einstein because he saw it as a physical reality (although a confusing one) behind the numbers presented by Planck mathematically in 1900. Bohr disliked it because it made the choice of mathematical solution arbitrary.
A quantum jump is the abrupt transition of a quantum system (atom, molecule, atomic nucleus) from one quantum state to another, from one energy level to another. When the system absorbs energy, there is a transition to a higher energy level (); when the system loses energy, there is a transition to a lower energy level.