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This discipline, between geography and soil science, is fundamental to both physical geography and pedology. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] Pedology is the study of soils in their natural environment. It deals with pedogenesis , soil morphology , soil classification .
The discipline of geography, especially physical geography, and geology have significant overlap. In the past, the two have often shared academic departments at universities, a point that has led to conflict over resources. [126] Both disciplines do seek to understand the rocks on the Earth's surface and the processes that change them over time.
[1] [2] [5] [8] It requires an understanding of the traditional aspects of physical and human geography, like how human societies conceptualize the environment. Integrated geography has emerged as a bridge between human and physical geography due to the increasing specialization of the two sub-fields, or branches. [9]
Most American geography and social studies classrooms have adopted the five themes in teaching practices, [3] as they provide "an alternative to the detrimental, but unfortunately persistent, habit of teaching geography through rote memorization". [1] They are pedagogical themes that guide how geographic content should be taught in schools. [4]
Physical geography focuses on geography as an Earth science. Physical geography is the study of Earth's seasons, climate, atmosphere, soil, streams, landforms, and oceans. Physical geography can be divided into several branches or related fields, as follows: geomorphology, biogeography, environmental geography, palaeogeography, climatology ...
Human geography – one of the two main subfields of geography is the study of human use and understanding of the world and the processes that have affected it. Human geography broadly differs from physical geography in that it focuses on the built environment and how space is created, viewed, and managed by humans, as well as the influence humans have on the space they occupy.
Solidified lava flow in Hawaii Sedimentary layers in Badlands National Park, South Dakota Metamorphic rock, Nunavut, Canada. Geology (from Ancient Greek γῆ (gê) 'earth' and λoγία () 'study of, discourse') [1] [2] is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. [3]
Physical geography is a branch of geography that focuses on the spatial characteristics of natural processes, within the hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere and lithosphere See also: Category:Geographical areas