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  2. Monsanto process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsanto_process

    The catalytic cycle of the Monsanto process. The catalytically active species is the anion cis-[Rh(CO) 2 I 2] − (top of scheme). [3] The first organometallic step is the oxidative addition of methyl iodide to cis-[Rh(CO) 2 I 2] − to form the hexacoordinate species [(CH 3)Rh(CO) 2 I 3] −.

  3. Syngas to gasoline plus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syngas_to_gasoline_plus

    The methanol is exposed to a catalyst and much of it is converted to DME, which involves a dehydration from methanol to form DME. 2 CH 3 OH → CH 3 OCH 3 + H 2 O; Gasoline synthesis: The Reactor 2 product gas is next fed to Reactor 3, the third reactor containing the catalyst for conversion of DME to hydrocarbons including paraffins ...

  4. Gas to liquids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_to_liquids

    Methanol is made from methane (natural gas) in a series of three reactions: Steam reforming CH 4 + H 2 O → CO + 3 H 2 Δ r H = +206 kJ mol −1 Water shift reaction CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2 Δ r H = -41 kJ mol −1 Synthesis 2 H 2 + CO → CH 3 OH Δ r H = -92 kJ mol −1. The methanol thus formed may be converted to gasoline by the Mobil ...

  5. Methanol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanol

    which is the same as listed above. In a process closely related to methanol production from synthesis gas, a feed of hydrogen and CO 2 can be used directly. [53] The main advantage of this process is that captured CO 2 and hydrogen sourced from electrolysis could be used, removing the dependence on fossil fuels.

  6. Chemical looping reforming and gasification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_looping_reforming...

    Steam can be added to the reaction in order to increase the generation of H 2, via the water-gas shift reaction (WGS) and/or steam methane reforming. The CLR process can produce a syngas with a H 2:CO molar ratio of 2:1 or higher, which is suitable for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis, methanol synthesis, or hydrogen production. The reduced oxygen ...

  7. Syngas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syngas

    Syngas, or synthesis gas, is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, [1] in various ratios. The gas often contains some carbon dioxide and methane . It is principally used for producing ammonia or methanol .

  8. Dimethyl ether - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethyl_ether

    2 CH 3 OH → (CH 3) 2 O + H 2 O. The required methanol is obtained from synthesis gas . [7] Other possible improvements call for a dual catalyst system that permits both methanol synthesis and dehydration in the same process unit, with no methanol isolation and purification. [7] [8] Both the one-step and two-step processes above are ...

  9. Hydrogen spillover - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_spillover

    Another recent study has shown that the synthesis of methanol from both CO and CO 2 over Cu/ZrO 2 involves the spillover of H atoms formed on Cu to the surface of ZrO 2. [14] The atomic H then participates in the hydrogenation of carbon-containing species to methanol. [14]