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  2. Aboutness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aboutness

    In general, the term refers to the concept that a text, utterance, image, or action is on or of something. [1] In LIS, it is often considered synonymous with a document's subject. In the philosophy of mind, it has been often considered synonymous with intentionality, perhaps since John Searle (1983). In the philosophy of logic and language, it ...

  3. Direct reference theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_reference_theory

    The philosopher John Stuart Mill was one of the earliest modern advocates of a direct reference theory beginning in 1843. [4] In his A System of Logic Mill introduced a distinction between what he called "connotation" and "denotation". Connotation is a relation between a name (singular or general) and one or more attributes.

  4. Subject and object (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject_and_object...

    The distinction between subject and object is a basic idea of philosophy.. A subject is a being that exercises agency, undergoes conscious experiences, and is situated in relation to other things that exist outside itself; thus, a subject is any individual, person, or observer.

  5. Figure of speech - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figure_of_speech

    Hypophora: answering one's own rhetorical question at length. Illeism: the act of referring to oneself in the third person instead of first person. Innuendo: having a hidden meaning in a sentence that makes sense whether it is detected or not. Irony: use of word in a way that conveys a meaning opposite to its usual meaning. [18]

  6. Multiperspectivalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiperspectivalism

    Multiperspectivalism (sometimes triperspectivalism) is an approach to knowledge advocated by Calvinist philosophers John Frame and Vern Poythress.. Frame laid out the idea with respect to a general epistemology in his 1987 work The Doctrine of the Knowledge of God, where he suggests that in every act of knowing, the knower is in constant contact with three things (or "perspectives") – the ...

  7. Action (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_(philosophy)

    Every action has a reason but not every action has a good reason. Only actions with good reasons are considered rational. [34] For example, John's action of going to the fridge would be considered irrational if his reason for this is bad, e.g. because his belief that there is ice cream in the fridge is merely based on wishful thinking. [35]

  8. Performativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performativity

    Performativity is the concept that language can function as a form of social action and have the effect of change. [1] The concept has multiple applications in diverse fields such as anthropology, social and cultural geography, economics, gender studies (social construction of gender), law, linguistics, performance studies, history, management studies and philosophy.

  9. Syllogism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syllogism

    A syllogism takes the form (note: M – Middle, S – subject, P – predicate.): Major premise: All M are P. Minor premise: All S are M. Conclusion/Consequent: All S are P. The premises and conclusion of a syllogism can be any of four types, which are labeled by letters [14] as follows. The meaning of the letters is given by the table: