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The aortic valve normally has three cusps or leaflets, although in 1–2% of the population it is found to congenitally have two leaflets. [1] The aortic valve is the last structure in the heart the blood travels through before stopping the flow through the systemic circulation. [1]
Bicuspid aortic valves are the most common cardiac valvular anomaly, occurring in 1–2% of the general population. It is twice as common in males as in females. [23] Bicuspid aortic valve is a heritable condition, with a demonstrated association with mutations in the NOTCH1 gene. [24] Its heritability is as high as 89%. [25]
The closure of the aortic valve contributes the A2 component of the second heart sound. The pulmonary valve (sometimes referred to as the pulmonic valve) lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, and has three cusps. Similar to the aortic valve, the pulmonary valve opens in ventricular systole, when the pressure in the right ...
A quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a rare congenital heart defect characterized by the presence of four cusps, instead of the usual three found normally in the aortic valve. [1] It is a defect that occurs during embryological development of the aortic trunk during gestation . [ 2 ]
An aortic homograft is an aortic valve from a human donor, retrieved either after their death or from a heart that is removed to be replaced during a heart transplant. [12] A pulmonary autograft, also known as the Ross procedure , is where the aortic valve is removed and replaced with the patient's own pulmonary valve (the valve between the ...
An aortic sinus, also known as a sinus of Valsalva, [1] is one of the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta, which occurs just above the aortic valve. These widenings are between the wall of the aorta and each of the three cusps of the aortic valve.
Aortic stenosis is most commonly caused by age-related progressive calcific aortic valve ... there is a discrepancy between the clinical picture and non-invasive ...
The heart is a muscular organ situated in the mediastinum.It consists of four chambers, four valves, two main arteries (the coronary arteries), and the conduction system. The left and right sides of the heart have different functions: the right side receives de-oxygenated blood through the superior and inferior venae cavae and pumps blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery, and the left ...