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The thin disk of our galaxy began to form at about 5 billion years (8.8 Gya), [12] and the Solar System formed at about 9.2 billion years (4.6 Gya), with the earliest evidence of life on Earth emerging by about 10 billion years (3.8 Gya).
In this visualization, the Big Bang took place at the beginning of January 1 at midnight, and the current moment maps onto the end of December 31 just before midnight. [1] At this scale, there are 438 years per cosmic second, 1.58 million years per cosmic hour, and 37.8 million years per cosmic day.
In physical cosmology, the age of the universe is the time elapsed since the Big Bang: 13.8 billion years. [1]: Table 1 Astronomers have two different approaches to determine the age of the universe.
The universe is supercooled from about 10 27 down to 10 22 kelvin. [3] c. 10 −32 seconds: Cosmic inflation ends. The familiar elementary particles now form as a soup of hot ionized gas called quark–gluon plasma; hypothetical components of cold dark matter (such as axions) would also have formed at this time.
The Primordial Era is defined as "−50 < n < 5". In this era, the Big Bang, the subsequent inflation, and Big Bang nucleosynthesis are thought to have taken place. Toward the end of this age, the recombination of electrons with nuclei made the universe transparent for the first time.
The elements of the universe are created, used by Brahma, and fully dissolved within a maha-kalpa (life of Brahma; 100 of his 360-day years) period lasting for 311.04 trillion years containing 36,000 kalpas (days) and pralayas (nights), and is followed by a maha-pralaya period of full dissolution equal in duration.
The timeline of the Universe lists events from its creation to its ultimate final state. For a timeline of the universe from formation to the present day, see: Timeline of cosmological epochs; For a timeline of the universe from the present to its presumed conclusion, see: Timeline of the far future
Dating precisely the beginning of the start of the 12,000th year cosmogony rests solely on the date Zoroaster is estimated to have been born. [42] Since Zoroaster was born himself at the end of the 9th millennium (just before the 9,000th year), the date of creation can be calculated by counting back 8,900–9,000 years.