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The Clean Water Act (CWA) was the first federal law designed to directly address water pollution. The CWA has been amended many times, but the 1972 amendments provide the core statutory basis for the regulation of point source water pollution and created the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program. [ 23 ]
The Deer Island Waste Water Treatment Plant, serving the Boston, Massachusetts area, is a typical point source discharger. Point source water pollution comes from discrete conveyances and alters the chemical, biological, and physical characteristics of water. In the United States, it is largely regulated by the Clean Water Act (CWA). [1]
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issues Effluent Guideline regulations for categories of industrial sources of water pollution under Title III of the Clean Water Act (CWA). [1] The standards are technology-based, i.e. they are based on the performance of treatment and control technologies (e.g., Best Available Technology ...
The Hyperion Wastewater Treatment Plant in Los Angeles, California, is one of the largest municipal plants in the United States. Sewage treatment systems in the United States are subject to the Clean Water Act (CWA) and are regulated by federal and state environmental agencies. In most states, local sewage plants receive discharge permits from ...
The water the reclamation plant treats is not clean enough to drink, and most municipalities in the area get their drinking water from either the city of Chicago or the city of Evanston.
Summary of the Clean Water Act from the EPA "Clean Water Act Jurisdictional Handbook." Environmental Law Institute (2nd ed., 2012) NYT Investigation: Corporations Violated Clean Water Act Over 500,000 Times in Last Five Years (2009-09-14) - video report by Democracy Now! Works related to Clean Water Act at Wikisource; EPA programs
In the United States, the Clean Water Act requires all direct effluent discharges to surface waters to be regulated with permits under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). [15] [16] Indirect dischargers–facilities which send their wastewater to municipal sewage treatment plants–may be subject to pretreatment ...
A publicly owned treatment works (POTW) is a term used in the United States for a sewage treatment plant owned, and usually operated, by a government agency. In the U.S., POTWs are typically owned by local government agencies, and are usually designed to treat domestic sewage and not industrial wastewater .