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The location of the shunt is determined by the neurosurgeon based on the type and location of the blockage causing hydrocephalus. All brain ventricles are candidates for shunting. The catheter is most commonly placed in the abdomen but other locations include the heart and lungs. [10] Shunts can often be named after the route used by the ...
This treatment does not place a foreign body into the patient so there is a much lower risk of infection as compared to a shunt procedure. Along with not implanting a device, this procedure avoids mechanical issues like disconnection, over or underdrainage, and valve dysfunction. [3]
There are various categories of medical shunts and there are two main categories of shunt used in the treatment of chronic increased intracranial pressure due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), they are cerebral shunts and lumbar shunts (extracranial shunts). Below is a list of the various types of the above two categories of shunts:
An external ventricular drain (EVD), also known as a ventriculostomy or extraventricular drain, is a device used in neurosurgery to treat hydrocephalus and relieve elevated intracranial pressure when the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the brain is obstructed.
A portacaval shunt (portal caval shunt) is a treatment for high blood pressure in the liver. A transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an artificial channel within the liver that establishes communication between the inflow portal vein and the outflow hepatic vein. It is used to treat portal hypertension.
Cerebrospinal fluid diversion is a procedure that is used to drain fluid from the brain and spinal cord.A shunt is placed in a ventricle of the brain and threaded under the skin to another part of the body, usually the abdomen.
When catheter drainage is permanent, it is usually referred to as a shunt. There are many catheter-based ventricular shunts that are named for where they terminate, for example, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt terminates in the peritoneal cavity, a ventriculoatrial shunt terminates within the atrium of the heart, etc.
Occasionally, shunts are placed to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid from the brain. [citation needed] The goals of treatment include: closure of open skin defects to prevent infection and desiccation of brain tissue; removal of nonfunctional extracranial cerebral tissue with water-tight closure of the dura