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The DNA repair ability of a cell is vital to the integrity of its genome and thus to the normal functionality of that organism. Many genes that were initially shown to influence life span have turned out to be involved in DNA damage repair and protection. [3] Paul Modrich talks about himself and his work in DNA repair.
DNA damage in non-replicating cells, if not repaired and accumulated can lead to aging. DNA damage in replicating cells, if not repaired can lead to either apoptosis or to cancer. The schematic diagram indicates the roles of insufficient DNA repair in aging and cancer, and the role of apoptosis in cancer prevention.
In bacteria, the problem of DNA damage is most pronounced during periods of stress, particularly oxidative stress, that occur during crowding or starvation conditions. Some bacteria induce competence under such stress conditions, supporting the hypothesis that transformation helps DNA repair. [1]
Other DNA damaging, cancer-causing agents include asbestos, which can cause damage through physical interaction with DNA or by indirectly setting off a reactive oxygen species, [10] excessive nickel exposure, which can repress the DNA damage-repair pathways, [11] aflatoxins, which are found in food, [9] and many more.
TP53: This gene encodes for the p53 protein, which is known to act on the apoptotic signalling pathway and is also described to be important in the break excision repair of cells that had their DNA damaged. p53 is a transcription factor that is involved in the transcription of many genes, some of which related to the process of cell response ...
The best way to avoid pesticides, if that’s a health concern, is to go with organic food, as unlike organic foods, conventional, non-GMO foods are still likely exposed to pesticides.
They help form hair, skin and tissue cells; they read, copy and repair DNA; and they help carry oxygen in the blood. ... 20 comfort-food dinners you can make with pantry ingredients. Lighter Side.
Photolyases (EC 4.1.99.3) are DNA repair enzymes that repair damage caused by exposure to ultraviolet light. These enzymes require visible light (from the violet/blue end of the spectrum) both for their own activation [1] and for the actual DNA repair. [2] The DNA repair mechanism involving photolyases is called photoreactivation.