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Vanadium(V) oxide serves the crucial purpose of catalysing the mildly exothermic oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide by air in the contact process: 2 SO 2 + O 2 ⇌ 2 SO 3 The discovery of this simple reaction, for which V 2 O 5 is the most effective catalyst, allowed sulfuric acid to become the cheap commodity chemical it is today.
Vanadium(IV) oxide or vanadium dioxide is an inorganic compound with the formula VO 2. It is a dark blue solid. It is a dark blue solid. Vanadium (IV) dioxide is amphoteric , dissolving in non-oxidising acids to give the blue vanadyl ion , [VO] 2+ and in alkali to give the brown [V 4 O 9 ] 2− ion, or at high pH [VO 4 ] 4− . [ 4 ]
Vanadium oxide mainly refers to: Vanadium(II) oxide (vanadium monoxide), VO; Vanadium(III) oxide (vanadium sesquioxide or trioxide), V 2 O 3; Vanadium(IV) oxide (vanadium dioxide), VO 2; Vanadium(V) oxide (vanadium pentoxide), V 2 O 5; Various other distinct phases include: Phases with the general formula V n O 2n+1 exist between V 2 O 5 and VO 2.
Vanadium compounds are compounds formed by the element vanadium (V). The chemistry of vanadium is noteworthy for the accessibility of the four adjacent oxidation states 2–5, whereas the chemistry of the other group 5 elements , niobium and tantalum , are somewhat more limited to the +5 oxidation state. [ 1 ]
Vanadium(V) oxide is a catalyst in the contact process for producing sulfuric acid. Vanadium compounds are used extensively as catalysts; [83] Vanadium pentoxide V 2 O 5, is used as a catalyst in manufacturing sulfuric acid by the contact process [84] In this process sulfur dioxide (SO 2) is oxidized to the trioxide (SO
Vanadium is often purified from aqueous extracts of slags and ore by selective precipitation of ammonium metavanadate. The material is then roasted to give vanadium pentoxide: [2] 2 NH 4 VO 3 → V 2 O 5 + 2 NH 3 + H 2 O
Vanadyl sulfate is a component of food supplements and experimental drugs. Vanadyl sulfate exhibits insulin-like effects. [11] Vanadyl sulfate has been extensively studied in the field of diabetes research as a potential means of increasing insulin sensitivity. No evidence indicates that oral vanadium supplementation improves glycaemic control.
Vanadium(II) oxide is the inorganic compound with the idealized formula VO. It is one of the several binary vanadium oxides. It adopts a distorted NaCl structure and contains weak V−V metal to metal bonds. VO is a semiconductor owing to delocalisation of electrons in the t 2g orbitals.