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A narrative technique (also, in fiction, a fictional device) is any of several specific methods the creator of a narrative uses [1] —in other words, a strategy applied in the delivering of a narrative to relay information to the audience and to make the narrative more complete, complex, or engaging. Some scholars also call such a technique a ...
Nonlinear narrative, disjointed narrative, or disrupted narrative is a narrative technique where events are portrayed, for example, out of chronological order or in other ways where the narrative does not follow the direct causality pattern of the events featured, such as parallel distinctive plot lines, dream immersions or narrating another story inside the main plot-line.
One example of a multi-level narrative structure is Joseph Conrad's novella Heart of Darkness, which has a double framework: an unidentified "I" (first person singular) narrator relates a boating trip during which another character, Marlow, uses the first person to tell a story that comprises the majority of the work.
Free indirect discourse can be described as a "technique of presenting a character's voice partly mediated by the voice of the author". In the words of the French narrative theorist Gérard Genette, "the narrator takes on the speech of the character, or, if one prefers, the character speaks through the voice of the narrator, and the two instances then are merged". [1]
In literary criticism, stream of consciousness is a narrative mode or method that attempts "to depict the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind" of a narrator. [1] It is usually in the form of an interior monologue which is disjointed or has irregular punctuation. [2] The term was first used in 1855 and was first ...
Narrative hook. A narrative hook (or just hook) is a literary technique in the opening of a story that "hooks" the reader's attention so that they will keep on reading. The "opening" may consist of several paragraphs for a short story, or several pages for a novel, but ideally it is the opening sentence in the book. [1][2]
Show, don't tell. Show, don't tell is a narrative technique used in various kinds of texts to allow the reader to experience the story through actions, words, subtext, thoughts, senses, and feelings rather than through the author's exposition, summarization, and description. [1] It avoids adjectives describing the author's analysis and instead ...
Narrative forms include: Autobiography – a detailed description or account of the storyteller's own life. Biography – a detailed description or account of someone's life. Captivity narrative – a story in which the protagonist is captured and describes their experience with the culture of their captors. Epic – a very long narrative poem ...