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  2. Fundamental theorem of calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Fundamental_theorem_of_calculus

    Calculus. The fundamental theorem of calculus is a theorem that links the concept of differentiating a function (calculating its slopes, or rate of change at each point in time) with the concept of integrating a function (calculating the area under its graph, or the cumulative effect of small contributions). Roughly speaking, the two operations ...

  3. Calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus

    The fundamental theorem of calculus states that differentiation and integration are inverse operations. [47]: 290 More precisely, it relates the values of antiderivatives to definite integrals. Because it is usually easier to compute an antiderivative than to apply the definition of a definite integral, the fundamental theorem of calculus ...

  4. List of theorems called fundamental - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_theorems_called...

    For example, the fundamental theorem of calculus gives the relationship between differential calculus and integral calculus. The names are mostly traditional, so that for example the fundamental theorem of arithmetic is basic to what would now be called number theory . [2]

  5. History of calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_calculus

    The ancient period introduced some of the ideas that led to integral calculus, but does not seem to have developed these ideas in a rigorous and systematic way. . Calculations of volumes and areas, one goal of integral calculus, can be found in the Egyptian Moscow papyrus (c. 1820 BC), but the formulas are only given for concrete numbers, some are only approximately true, and they are not ...

  6. Integral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integral

    t. e. In mathematics, an integral is the continuous analog of a sum, which is used to calculate areas, volumes, and their generalizations. Integration, the process of computing an integral, is one of the two fundamental operations of calculus, [a] the other being differentiation. Integration was initially used to solve problems in mathematics ...

  7. Fundamental theorem of algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of_algebra

    Fundamental theorem of algebra. The fundamental theorem of algebra, also called d'Alembert's theorem[1] or the d'Alembert–Gauss theorem, [2] states that every non- constant single-variable polynomial with complex coefficients has at least one complex root. This includes polynomials with real coefficients, since every real number is a complex ...

  8. Fundamental lemma of the calculus of variations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_lemma_of_the...

    The fundamental lemma of the calculus of variations is typically used to transform this weak formulation into the strong formulation (differential equation), free of the integration with arbitrary function. The proof usually exploits the possibility to choose δf concentrated on an interval on which f keeps sign (positive or negative).

  9. James Gregory (mathematician) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Gregory_(mathematician)

    In his book Geometriae Pars Universalis (1668) [1] Gregory gave both the first published statement and proof of the fundamental theorem of the calculus (stated from a geometric point of view, and only for a special class of the curves considered by later versions of the theorem), for which he was acknowledged by Isaac Barrow.