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GNU (/ ɡ n uː / ⓘ) [3] [4] is an extensive collection of free software (394 packages as of June 2024), [5] which can be used as an operating system or can be used in parts with other operating systems. [6] [7] [8] The use of the completed GNU tools led to the family of operating systems popularly known as Linux. [9]
By 1992, the GNU Project had completed all of the major operating system utilities, but had not completed their proposed operating system kernel, GNU Hurd. With the release of the Linux kernel , started independently by Linus Torvalds in 1991, and released under the GPLv2 with version 0.12 in 1992, for the first time it was possible to run an ...
The GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) is a collection of compilers from the GNU Project that support various programming languages, hardware architectures and operating systems. The Free Software Foundation (FSF) distributes GCC as free software under the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL).
JNode (Java New Operating System Design Effort), written 99% in Java (native compiled), provides own JVM and JIT compiler. Based on GNU Classpath. [37] [38] JX Java operating system that focuses on a flexible and robust operating system architecture developed as an open source system by the University of Erlangen. KERNAL (default OS on ...
The GNU C Library, commonly known as glibc, is the GNU Project implementation of the C standard library. It provides a wrapper around the system calls of the Linux kernel and other kernels for application use. Despite its name, it now also directly supports C++ (and, indirectly, other programming languages).
The existing programs from the GNU project were readily ported to run on the resultant platform. Most sources use the name Linux to refer to the general-purpose operating system thus formed, while Stallman and the FSF call it GNU/Linux. This has been a longstanding naming controversy in the free software community. Stallman argues that not ...
How an application should make system calls to the operating system, and if the ABI specifies direct system calls rather than procedure calls to system call stubs, the system call numbers In the case of a complete operating system ABI, the binary format of object files , program libraries, etc.
The operating system was officially released with Debian Squeeze (6.0) on February 6, 2011. [16] One Debian GNU/kFreeBSD live CD is Ging, which is no longer maintained. [17] Debian GNU/NetBSD was an experimental port of GNU user-land applications to NetBSD kernel. No official release of this operating system was made; although work was ...