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In electromagnetics, an antenna's gain is a key performance parameter which combines the antenna's directivity and radiation efficiency. The term power gain has been deprecated by IEEE. [1] In a transmitting antenna, the gain describes how well the antenna converts input power into radio waves headed in a specified direction. In a receiving ...
The combined antenna then operates tolerably well on at least twice as many frequencies as a simple antenna. Array antennas Array antennas are made out of combinations of several simple antennas that function as a single antenna; most compact but highly directional / "high gain" / beam antennas are some type of an array antenna Aperture antennas
A high-gain antenna (HGA) is a directional antenna with a focused, narrow beam width, permitting more precise targeting of the radio signals. [1] Most commonly referred to during space missions , [ 2 ] these antennas are also in use all over Earth , most successfully in flat, open areas where there are no mountains to disrupt radiowaves.
For directional antennas, the Yagi antenna is the most widely used as a high gain or "beam" antenna. For television reception, the Yagi is used, as well as the log-periodic antenna due to its wider bandwidth. Helical and turnstile antennas are used for satellite communication since they employ circular polarization.
Also called a beam antenna [4] and parasitic array, the Yagi is widely used as a directional antenna on the HF, VHF and UHF bands. [3] [4] It has moderate to high gain of up to 20 dBi, [3] depending on the number of elements used, and a front-to-back ratio of up to 20 dB.
Louis Varney (G5RV) invented this antenna in 1946. [4] It is very popular in the United States. [5] The antenna can be erected as horizontal dipole, as sloper, or an inverted-V antenna. With a transmatch, (antenna tuner) it can operate on all HF amateur radio bands (3.5–30 MHz). [5] [6]