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Pedro Berruguete, Portrait of Sixtus IV (c. 1500), oil on canvas, 70.2×51.4 cm, Cleveland Museum of Art. Pope Sixtus IV (or Xystus IV, [1] Italian: Sisto IV; born Francesco della Rovere; 21 July 1414 – 12 August 1484) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 August 1471 until his death.
A collection of popes have had violent deaths through the centuries. The circumstances have ranged from martyrdom (Pope Stephen I) to war (Lucius II), to an alleged beating by a jealous husband (Pope John XII). A number of other popes have died under circumstances that some believe to be murder, but for which definitive evidence has not been found. Martyr popes This list is incomplete ; you ...
At the death of Sixtus IV, the conclave of cardinals that met to elect his successor numbered thirty-two cardinals. [1]The immediate context of the election was the nearly unprecedented packing of the College of Cardinals by Sixtus IV, not only in terms of overall size, but also in terms of cardinal-nephews and crown cardinals. [2]
Nicknamed the 'Warrior Pope' or the 'Fearsome Pope'. Nephew of Sixtus IV; convened the Fifth Council of the Lateran (1512). Took control of all the Papal States for the first time. Became Pope in the context of the Italian Wars, a period in which the major powers of Europe fought for primacy in the Italian peninsula.
The most recently reigning Pope to have been canonised was Pope John Paul II, whose cause for canonisation was opened in May 2005. John Paul II was beatified on 1 May 2011, by Pope Benedict XVI and later canonised, along with Pope John XXIII, by Pope Francis on 27 April 2014. [1] Pope Francis also canonised Pope Paul VI on 14 October 2018.
Giuliano della Rovere was later to become Pope Julius II. [1] The background is a perspective representation of a classic architecture with arcades and a gilded coffer ceiling. Platina is pointing to an inscription, written by himself, which boasts Sixtus' deeds.
The 1471 papal conclave (August 6–9) elected Pope Sixtus IV following the death of Pope Paul II.With the exception of the conclaves of the Western Schism, this conclave was the first since 1305 to feature a working, two-thirds majority of Italians within the College of Cardinals, in no small part because of the absence of six non-Italian cardinals. [1]
Establishing cardinal-bishops as the sole electors of the pope. [2] 1079 Libertas ecclesiae ("The liberty of the Church") Gregory VII: About Church's independence from imperial authority and interference. 1079 Antiqua sanctorum patrum ("The old (traces of the) holy fathers") Granted the church of Lyon primacy over the churches of Gaul. 1095 ...