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The earliest maize plants grew a single, small ear per plant. [6] The Olmec and Maya cultivated maize in numerous varieties throughout Mesoamerica; they cooked, ground and processed it through nixtamalization. [7] By 3000 years ago, maize was central to Olmec culture, including their calendar, language, and myths. [8]
Teosintes strongly resemble maize in many ways, notably their tassel (male inflorescence) morphology. Teosintes are distinguished from maize most obviously by their numerous branches each bearing bunches of distinctive, small female inflorescences. These spikes mature to form a two-ranked 'ear' of five to 10 triangular or trapezoidal, black or ...
Thirdly, plant morphology studies plant structure at a range of scales. At the smallest scales are ultrastructure, the general structural features of cells visible only with the aid of an electron microscope, and cytology, the study of cells using optical microscopy. At this scale, plant morphology overlaps with plant anatomy as a
The speciation and evolution of maize varieties in Italy, by means of man-made adaptive selection, maintained a broad genetic variability for about four centuries. . Traditional varieties and ecotypes were sown in the diversified ecological regions of Italy until the introduction of Corn Belt hybrids in the twentieth century presented outstanding ecological adaptation, yield and cooking char
They include such important crops as maize (corn), sugarcane, and sorghum. [2] All species in this tribe use C 4 carbon fixation, which makes them competitive under warm, high-light conditions. [3] Andropogoneae is classified in supertribe Andropogonodae, together with its sister group Arundinelleae.
This classification increases understanding of the morphological characters of any particular family. As a disadvantage, this classification crops with different economic uses and morphological and other agrobotanical peculiarities when brought under one family do not generally bring out the economic importance of the individual crops.
The classification of Ecuadorian maize was based on the following data; location and environment (altitude and photoperiodic response included), plant and ear characteristics, cytological analysis of the chromosomes, and historic and ethnographic information concerning the crop.
Agricultural grasses grown for their edible seeds are called cereals or grains (although the latter term, when used agriculturally, refers to both cereals and similar seeds of other plant species, such as buckwheat and legumes). Three cereals—rice, wheat, and maize (corn)—provide more than half of all calories consumed by humans. [40]