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Third party, or minor party, is a term used in the United States' two-party system for political parties other than the Republican and Democratic parties. The winner take all system for presidential elections and the single-seat plurality voting system for Congressional elections have over time helped establish the two-party system.
Officially recognized parties in states are not guaranteed have ballot access, membership numbers of some parties with ballot access are not tracked, and vice versa. Not all of these parties are active, and not all states record voter registration by party. Boxes in gray mean that the specific party's registration is not reported.
Many third-party candidates have run under different affiliations in different states. They do this for many reasons, including laws restricting ballot access , cross-endorsements by other established parties, etc. [ citation needed ] In the list below, the party column shows which of a given candidate's affiliation(s) appeared on the ballot in ...
These two parties have won every United States presidential election since 1852 and have controlled the United States Congress since at least 1856. From time to time, a third party, such as the Green and Libertarian Parties, has achieved some minor representation at the national and state levels.
This is slightly more than the 2020 United States presidential election, when third party candidates received 1.86%. [3] Green Party nominee Jill Stein received the most votes of any third-party candidate, receiving 868,945 votes (0.56%). She received 1.09% of the vote in Maryland, her best state by percentage.
This article lists third-party and independent candidates, also jointly known as minor candidates, associated with the 2020 United States presidential election. "Third party" is a term commonly used in the United States in reference to political parties other than the Democratic and Republican parties.
On February 3, 1913, with ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment, Congress gained the authority to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census. The third textually entrenched provision is Article One, Section 3, Clauses 1, which provides for equal representation of the states in the Senate.
The Third Party System was a period in the history of political parties in the United States from the 1850s until the 1890s, which featured profound developments in issues of American nationalism, modernization, and race.