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Sarcoplasm is the cytoplasm of a muscle cell. It is comparable to the cytoplasm of other cells, but it contains unusually large amounts of glycogen (a polymer of glucose), myoglobin, a red-colored protein necessary for binding oxygen molecules that diffuse into muscle fibers, and mitochondria.
Hippolytus of Thebes was a Byzantine author of the late 7th or early 8th century. His Chronicle , preserved only in part, is an especially valuable source for New Testament chronology. Preserved fragments are scattered in about 40 manuscripts, mostly dealing with the Holy Family .
The plasma membrane or bacterial cytoplasmic membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer and thus has all of the general functions of a cell membrane such as acting as a permeability barrier for most molecules and serving as the location for the transport of molecules into the cell.
A classic example of a syncytium is the formation of skeletal muscle.Large skeletal muscle fibers form by the fusion of thousands of individual muscle cells. The multinucleated arrangement is important in pathologic states such as myopathy, where focal necrosis (death) of a portion of a skeletal muscle fiber does not result in necrosis of the adjacent sections of that same skeletal muscle ...
The sarcolemma (sarco (from sarx) from Greek; flesh, and lemma from Greek; sheath), also called the myolemma, is the cell membrane surrounding a skeletal muscle fibre or a cardiomyocyte. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It consists of a lipid bilayer and a thin outer coat of polysaccharide material ( glycocalyx ) that contacts the basement membrane .
Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped with wide middles, and tapering ends. They have a single nucleus and range from 30 to 200 micrometers in length. This is thousands of times shorter than skeletal muscle fibers. The diameter of their cells is also much smaller which removes the need for T-tubules found in striated muscle cells. Although ...
The general secretion (Sec) involves secretion of unfolded proteins that first remain inside the cells. In Gram-negative bacteria, the secreted protein is sent to either the inner membrane or the periplasm. But in Gram-positive bacteria, the protein can stay in the cell or is mostly transported out of the bacteria using other secretion systems.
Bacterial flagella are helical filaments, each with a rotary motor at its base which can turn clockwise or counterclockwise. [16] [17] [18] They provide two of several kinds of bacterial motility. [19] [20] Archaeal flagella are called archaella, and function in much the same way as bacterial flagella