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The electron affinity (E ea) of an atom or molecule is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron attaches to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form an anion. X(g) + e − → X − (g) + energy
Electron affinity can be defined in two equivalent ways. First, as the energy that is released by adding an electron to an isolated gaseous atom. The second (reverse) definition is that electron affinity is the energy required to remove an electron from a singly charged gaseous negative ion.
Once the vacuum levels are aligned it is possible to use the electron affinity and band gap values for each semiconductor to calculate the conduction band and valence band offsets. [4] The electron affinity (usually given by the symbol χ {\displaystyle \chi } in solid state physics ) gives the energy difference between the lower edge of the ...
The binding constant, or affinity constant/association constant, is a special case of the equilibrium constant K, [1] and is the inverse of the dissociation constant. [2] It is associated with the binding and unbinding reaction of receptor (R) and ligand (L) molecules, which is formalized as: R + L ⇌ RL
The dissociation constant is commonly used to describe the affinity between a ligand (such as a drug) and a protein; i.e., how tightly a ligand binds to a particular protein. Ligand–protein affinities are influenced by non-covalent intermolecular interactions between the two molecules such as hydrogen bonding , electrostatic interactions ...
The correlation between Mulliken electronegativities (x-axis, in kJ/mol) and Pauling electronegativities (y-axis).Robert S. Mulliken proposed that the arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy (E i) and the electron affinity (E ea) should be a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons: [9] [10] = +
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The Scatchard equation is an equation used in molecular biology to calculate the affinity and number of binding sites of a receptor for a ligand. [1] It is named after the American chemist George Scatchard. [2]