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  2. Instrumental variables estimation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_variables...

    In statistics, econometrics, epidemiology and related disciplines, the method of instrumental variables (IV) is used to estimate causal relationships when controlled experiments are not feasible or when a treatment is not successfully delivered to every unit in a randomized experiment. [1]

  3. Analysis of covariance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_covariance

    Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) is a general linear model that blends ANOVA and regression. ANCOVA evaluates whether the means of a dependent variable (DV) are equal across levels of one or more categorical independent variables (IV) and across one or more continuous variables.

  4. Conceptual framework - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_framework

    The use of the term conceptual framework crosses both scale (large and small theories) [4] [5] and contexts (social science, [6] [7] marketing, [8] applied science, [9] art [10] etc.). The explicit definition of what a conceptual framework is and its application can therefore vary. Conceptual frameworks are beneficial as organizing devices in ...

  5. Mediation (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediation_(statistics)

    Simple mediation model. The independent variable causes the mediator variable; the mediator variable causes the dependent variable. In statistics, a mediation model seeks to identify and explain the mechanism or process that underlies an observed relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable via the inclusion of a third hypothetical variable, known as a mediator ...

  6. Moderation (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderation_(statistics)

    A conceptual diagram of an additive multiple moderation model An example of a two-way interaction effect plot. If both of the independent variables are continuous, it is helpful for interpretation to either center or standardize the independent variables, X and Z. (Centering involves subtracting the overall sample mean score from the original ...

  7. Category:Conceptual models - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Conceptual_models

    This page was last edited on 29 January 2024, at 02:47 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.

  8. Conceptual model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_model

    Comparison model highlighting conceptual model role in system process. A conceptual model's primary objective is to convey the fundamental principles and basic functionality of the system which it represents. Also, a conceptual model must be developed in such a way as to provide an easily understood system interpretation for the model's users.

  9. Category:Conceptual modelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Conceptual_modelling

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