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The iron law of oligarchy is a political theory first developed by the German-born Italian sociologist Robert Michels in his 1911 book Political Parties. [1] It asserts that rule by an elite, or oligarchy , is inevitable as an "iron law" within any democratic organization as part of the "tactical and technical necessities" of the organization.
[1] [2] He is best known for his book Political Parties, published in 1911, which contains a description of the "iron law of oligarchy." [3] [4] [5] He was a friend and disciple of Max Weber, Werner Sombart and Achille Loria.
The iron cage is the one set of rules and laws that we are all subjected and must adhere to. [16] Bureaucracy puts us in an iron cage, which limits individual human freedom and potential instead of a "technological eutopia" that should set us free. [15] [17] It is the way of the institution, where we do not have a choice anymore. [18]
The institutions which they head, Mills posits, are a triumvirate of groups that have succeeded weaker predecessors: (1) "two or three hundred giant corporations" which have replaced the traditional agrarian and craft economy, (2) a strong federal political order that has inherited power from "a decentralized set of several dozen states" and ...
The term iron law is derived from Goethe's "great, eternal iron laws" in his poem Das Göttliche, (On The Divine) and may refer to: Hoffman's iron law, regarding speaker system design; Iron Law, a 1984 painting by Odd Nerdrum; Iron law of population, from Thomas Malthus' An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798)
Every investor in Mount Gibson Iron Limited (ASX:MGX) should be aware of the most powerful shareholder groups. Institutions often own shares in more established companies, while it's not unusual ...
Multiple lawsuits accuse the administration of violating privacy law and other protections in allegedly allowing affiliates of the Musk-led Department of Government Efficiency to take control of ...
In philosophy, political science and sociology, elite theory is a theory of the state that seeks to describe and explain power relations in society.In its contemporary form in the 21st century, elite theory posits that (1) power in larger societies, especially nation-states, is concentrated at the top in relatively small elites; (2) power "flows predominantly in a top-down direction from ...