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Achieving this involves mourning the loss of the idealised object, and associated depressive anxieties. Klein described development as proceeding through two phases: the paranoid-schizoid position and the depressive position. [3] In the paranoid-schizoid position, the main anxiety is paranoia and hypochondria, and the fear is for the self.
The term reparation was used by Melanie Klein (1921) to indicate a psychological process of making mental repairs to a damaged internal world. [1] In object relations theory, it represents a key part of the movement from the paranoid-schizoid position to the depressive position — the pain of the latter helping to fuel the urge to reparation.
Melanie Klein (née Reizes; 30 ... and caused much discussion in the world of developmental psychology. Around the same time Klein ... A depressive position is the ...
Object relations theory is a school of thought in psychoanalytic theory and psychoanalysis centered around theories of stages of ego development. Its concerns include the relation of the psyche to others in childhood and the exploration of relationships between external people, as well as internal images and the relations found in them. [1]
Paranoid anxiety is a term used in object relations theory, particularly in discussions about the Paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions. The term was frequently used by Melanie Klein, [1] [2] especially to refer to a pre-depressive and persecutory sense of anxiety characterised by the psychological splitting of objects. [3]
Depressive anxiety is a term developed in relation to the depressive position by Melanie Klein, building on Freud's seminal article on object relations of 1917, 'Mourning and Melancholia'. [1] Depressive anxiety revolved around a felt state of inner danger produced by the fear of having harmed good internal objects [ 2 ] - as opposed to the ...
Melanie Klein. It was the latter sense of the term that was predominantly adopted and exploited by Melanie Klein. After Freud, "the most important contribution has come from Melanie Klein, whose work enlightens the idea of 'splitting of the object' (Objektspaltung) [51] (in terms of 'good/bad' objects)". [52]
Projective identification is a term introduced by Melanie Klein and then widely adopted in psychoanalytic psychotherapy.Projective identification may be used as a type of defense, a means of communicating, a primitive form of relationship, or a route to psychological change; [1] used for ridding the self of unwanted parts or for controlling the other's body and mind.