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The TI-58 has half the memory of the TI-59 and supports up to 480 program steps or 60 memories. It competed with the HP-34C. The TI-58 and TI-59 calculators have variable-length instructions. Some keypresses are merged into one programming step, so that instructions from one to eleven keypresses are stored in one to six programming steps.
The IBM 608 Transistor Calculator, a plugboard-programmable unit, was the first IBM product to use transistor circuits without any vacuum tubes and is believed to be the world's first all-transistorized calculator to be manufactured for the commercial market. [1] [2]: 34 Announced in April 1955, [3] [4] it was released in December 1957. The 608 ...
If the gate voltage is below the threshold voltage (left figure), the "enhancement-mode" transistor is turned off and ideally there is no current from the drain to the source of the transistor. In fact, there is a current even for gate biases below the threshold (subthreshold leakage) current, although it is small and varies exponentially with ...
In a circuit with a three terminal device, such as a transistor, the current–voltage curve of the collector-emitter current depends on the base current. This is depicted on graphs by a series of (I C –V CE) curves at different base currents. A load line drawn on this graph shows how the base current will affect the operating point of the ...
A boost converter or step-up converter is a DC-to-DC converter that increases voltage, while decreasing current, from its input to its output . It is a class of switched-mode power supply (SMPS) containing at least two semiconductors, a diode and a transistor , and at least one energy storage element: a capacitor , inductor , or the two in ...
Similarly, in field-effect transistors, and MOSFETs in particular, transconductance is the change in the drain current divided by the small change in the gate–source voltage with a constant drain–source voltage. Typical values of g m for a small-signal field-effect transistor are 1 to 30 mS.
When V REF is safely below the 2.495 V threshold (point A on current-voltage curve), the output transistor is off. Residual cathode-anode current I CA, feeding the front-end circuit, stays within 100 and 200 μA. [9] When V REF approaches the threshold, the I CA rises to 300–500 μA, but the output transistor remains off. [9]
The amount of subthreshold conduction in a transistor is set by its threshold voltage, which is the minimum gate voltage required to switch the device between on and off states. However, as the drain current in a MOS device varies exponentially with gate voltage, the conduction does not immediately become zero when the threshold voltage is reached.