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Supernumerary roots is a condition found in teeth when there may be a larger number of roots than expected. The most common teeth affected are mandibular (lower) canines, premolars, and molars, especially third molars. Canines and most premolars, except for maxillary (upper) first premolars, usually have one root.
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Hyperdontia is the condition of having supernumerary teeth, or teeth that appear in addition to the regular number of teeth (32 in the average adult). They can appear in any area of the dental arch and can affect any dental organ .
In the generalized form, all teeth are involved. In the localized form, only a few teeth are involved. The most common teeth affected are the upper lateral incisors and third molars. Teeth affected by microdontia may also have abnormal shape, and the abnormal size may affect the whole tooth, or only a part of the tooth. [1]
The most acknowledged theory for supernumerary teeth is hyperactivity of dental lamina. [6] On completion of the dentition, the dental lamina is usually destroyed and reabsorbed, but when remnants fail to resorb, it can continue to proliferate abnormally. This abnormal proliferation can form the extra tooth bud leading to supernumerary teeth ...
Tooth gemination [also known as schizodontia, twinning, or double teeth] occurs when a single tooth germ splits during development. [1] Splitting of the tooth may be partial or complete. If the splitting is complete, the extra tooth is known as a supernumerary tooth. [2]
Universal numbering system. This is a dental practitioner view, so tooth number 1, the rear upper tooth on the patient's right, appears on the left of the chart. The Universal Numbering System, sometimes called the "American System", is a dental notation system commonly used in the United States. [1] [2]
Sometimes it can also be found on the facial surface of the anterior tooth. [3] The term 'talon cusp' refers to the same condition as dens evaginatus; however, talon cusp is more specifically the manifestation of dens evaginatus on the anterior teeth. Talon cusp can be simply defined as hyperplasia of the cingulum of an anterior tooth.