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Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that is expressed in abnormal mental functions, a loss of one's sense of identity and self, a compromised perception of reality, and disturbed behavior. The signs and symptoms of childhood schizophrenia are similar to those of adult-onset schizophrenia.
The diagnosis of schizophrenia, a psychotic disorder, is based on criteria in either the American Psychiatric Association 's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or the World Health Organization 's International Classification of Diseases (ICD). [1] Clinical assessment of schizophrenia is carried out by a mental health ...
Schizophreniform disorder is a type of mental illness that is characterized by psychosis and closely related to schizophrenia.Both schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR), have the same symptoms and essential features except for two differences: the level of functional impairment and the duration of symptoms.
According to others, 'schizophrenia' names a culturally determined clustering of mental symptoms. [5] What is known for sure is that by the turn of the 20th century the old concept of insanity had become fragmented into 'diseases' (psychoses) [ 6 ] such as paranoia, dementia praecox , manic-depressive insanity and epilepsy ( Emil Kraepelin 's ...
For a diagnosis of schizophrenia, the described symptoms need to have been present for at least six months (according to the DSM-5) or one month (according to the ICD-11). [10] [18] Many people with schizophrenia have other mental disorders, especially mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and obsessive–compulsive disorder. [10]
The prognosis of schizophrenia is varied at the individual level. In general it has great human and economics costs. [1] It results in a decreased life expectancy of 12–15 years primarily due to its association with obesity, little exercise, and smoking, while an increased rate of suicide plays a lesser role. [1]
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