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Median. Finding the median in sets of data with an odd and even number of values. The median of a set of numbers is the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution. For a data set, it may be thought of as the “middle" value.
The median absolute deviation is a measure of statistical dispersion. Moreover, the MAD is a robust statistic, being more resilient to outliers in a data set than the standard deviation. In the standard deviation, the distances from the mean are squared, so large deviations are weighted more heavily, and thus outliers can heavily influence it.
Probability theory. In probability theory and statistics, a normal distribution or Gaussian distribution is a type of continuous probability distribution for a real-valued random variable. The general form of its probability density function is The parameter is the mean or expectation of the distribution (and also its median and mode), while ...
Deviation (statistics) Plot of standard deviation of a random distribution. In mathematics and statistics, deviation serves as a measure to quantify the disparity between an observed value of a variable and another designated value, frequently the mean of that variable. Deviations with respect to the sample mean and the population mean (or ...
Use of the distribution. The triangular distribution is typically used as a subjective description of a population for which there is only limited sample data, and especially in cases where the relationship between variables is known but data is scarce (possibly because of the high cost of collection). It is based on a knowledge of the minimum ...
Unlike a probability, a probability density function can take on values greater than one; for example, the continuous uniform distribution on the interval [0, 1/2] has probability density f(x) = 2 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1/2 and f(x) = 0 elsewhere. The standard normal distribution has probability density. If a random variable X is given and its ...
The arithmetic mean (or simply mean or average) of a list of numbers, is the sum of all of the numbers divided by their count. Similarly, the mean of a sample , usually denoted by , is the sum of the sampled values divided by the number of items in the sample. For example, the arithmetic mean of five values: 4, 36, 45, 50, 75 is:
Median: the value such that the set of values less than the median, and the set greater than the median, each have probabilities no greater than one-half. Mode: for a discrete random variable, the value with highest probability; for an absolutely continuous random variable, a location at which the probability density function has a local peak.