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The California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) is a New World vulture and the largest North American land bird. It became extinct in the wild in 1987 when all remaining wild individuals were captured, but has since been reintroduced to northern Arizona and southern Utah (including the Grand Canyon area and Zion National Park), the coastal mountains of California, and northern Baja California ...
Gymnogyps amplus was first described by L. H. Miller in 1911 from a broken tarsometatarsus. [1] [2] The species is the only condor species found in the La Brea Tar Pits' Pit 10, which fossils date to "a Holocene radiocarbon age of 9,000 years."
The California condor is critically endangered. It formerly ranged from Baja California to British Columbia, but by 1937 was restricted to California. [52] In 1987, all surviving birds were removed from the wild into a captive breeding program to ensure the species' survival. [52] In 2005, there were 127 Californian condors in the wild.
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California condors' skin on the neck varies in color, depending on the age of the birds. During the breeding season, adult birds' skin color can be cream, pink, yellow, or orange. [4] Most commonly, Andean tend to utilize white or black skin tones, while the California condor leans towards pink.
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Condor numbers dramatically declined in the 20th century. A conservation plan was put in place by the United States government that led to the capture of all the remaining wild condors in 1987. Beginning in 1991, condors have been reintroduced into the wild. The California condor is one of the world's rarest bird species. As of 2005, there were ...
It was named after the zoologist Constantin Wilhelm Lambert Gloger, who first remarked upon this phenomenon in 1833 in a review of covariation of climate and avian plumage color. [1] Erwin Stresemann later noted that the idea had been expressed even earlier by Peter Simon Pallas in Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica (1811). [ 2 ]