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Galactorrhea (also spelled galactorrhoea) (galacto-+ -rrhea) or lactorrhea (lacto-+ -rrhea) is the spontaneous flow of milk from the breast, unassociated with childbirth or nursing. Galactorrhea is reported to occur in 5–32% of females.
Chronic kidney disease may affect the body's hormonal balance, potentially leading to elevated prolactin and galactorrhea. [2] In some cases, no clear cause is identified, and the condition is labeled idiopathic. Adolescent galactorrhea is less frequent than witch's milk, which usually occurs in newborns.
Galactorrhea is generally considered a symptom which may indicate a more serious problem. Collection of a thorough medical history , including pregnancies , surgeries, and consumption of drugs and medications is a first step in diagnosing the cause of galactorrhea.
Thus, galactorrhea may be observed in individuals with normal prolactin levels and does not necessarily indicate hyperprolactinemia. [9] This phenomenon is likely due to galactorrhea requiring adequate levels of progesterone or estrogen to prepare the breast tissue.
The term "male lactation" is not used in human medicine. It has been used in popular literature, such as Louise Erdrich's The Antelope Wife, to describe the phenomenon of male galactorrhea, which is a human condition unrelated to childbirth or nursing. Newborn babies of both sexes can occasionally produce milk.
Unintended milk flow (galactorrhea) is often caused by nipple stimulation and it is possible to reach normal milk production exclusively by suckling on the breast. Nipple stimulation of any sort is noted in reducing the incidence of breast cancer .
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galactorrhea, diarrhea-rrhexis: rupture Greek ῥῆξῐς (rhêxis), breaking, bursting, discharge karyorrhexis-rrhoea flowing, discharge Greek ῥοίᾱ (rhoíā), flow, flux diarrhoea: rubr(o)-of or pertaining to the red nucleus of the brain Latin ruber, red rubrospinal-rupt: break or burst Latin rumpō: erupt, interrupt