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The gion-mamori, the crest of the Gion Shrine, which depicts two crossing scrolls and a horn, was adopted by the Kakure Kirishitan as their crest under the Tokugawa shogunate [4] Kakure Kirishitan are the Catholic communities in Japan which hid themselves during the ban and persecution of Christianity by Japan in the 1600s. [3] [5]
Christian missionaries arrived in Japan with Francis Xavier and the Jesuits in the 1540s and briefly flourished, with over 100,000 converts, including many daimyōs in Kyushu. [1] [2] [3] It soon met resistance from the highest office holders of Japan. Emperor Ōgimachi issued edicts to ban Catholicism in 1565 and 1568, but to little effect. [4]
Though Christianity was allowed to grow until the 1610s, Tokugawa Ieyasu soon began to see it as a growing threat to the stability of the shogunate. As Ōgosho ("Cloistered Shōgun"), [32] he influenced the implementation of laws that banned the practice of Christianity. His successors followed suit, compounding upon Ieyasu's laws.
The Martyrs of Japan (Japanese: 日本の殉教者, Hepburn: Nihon no junkyōsha) were Christian missionaries and followers who were persecuted and executed, mostly during the Tokugawa shogunate period in the 17th century. The Japanese saw the rituals of the Christians causing people to pray, close their eyes with the sign of the cross and lock ...
In 1543, during the wars of the Sengoku period, the Portuguese landed in Japan for the first time, and soon spread Christianity throughout Japan from Kyushu.Regional daimyō, or feudal lords, were eager to trade with the Portuguese for their European arquebus, while the Portuguese saw the Japanese as potential converts to the Christian religion, preferring to trade with those who converted.
After the 1614 arrival of a delegation from the Catholic Philippines which offered to establish trade and diplomatic relations, new shogun Tokugawa Hidetada issued an edict on February 1, 1614, which officially banned Christianity in Japan, expelled all Christians and Europeans from the country (including the children of mixed marriages) except ...
Tokugawa Iemitsu (徳川 家光, August 12, 1604 – June 8, 1651) was the third shōgun of the Tokugawa dynasty. He was the eldest son of Tokugawa Hidetada with Oeyo , and the grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu .
The Great Martyrdom of Edo [1] was the execution of 50 foreign and domestic Catholics (kirishitans), who were burned alive for their Christianity in Edo (modern-day Tokyo), Japan, on 4 December 1623. The mass execution was part of the persecution of Christians in Japan by Tokugawa Iemitsu, the third shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate.