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Phosphorus pentachloride is the chemical compound with the formula PCl 5. It is one of the most important phosphorus chlorides/oxychlorides, others being PCl 3 and POCl 3 . PCl 5 finds use as a chlorinating reagent.
Phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus pentabromide, and phosphorus heptabromide are ionic in the solid and liquid states; PCl 5 is formulated as PCl 4 + PCl 6 –, but in contrast, PBr 5 is formulated as PBr 4 + Br −, and PBr 7 is formulated as PBr 4 + Br 3 −. They are widely used as chlorinating and brominating agents in organic chemistry.
The reaction of phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5) with phosphorus pentoxide (P 4 O 10). 6 PCl 5 + P 4 O 10 → 10 POCl 3. The reaction can be simplified by chlorinating a mixture of PCl 3 and P 4 O 10, generating the PCl 5 in situ. The reaction of phosphorus pentachloride with boric acid or oxalic acid: [12] 3 PCl 5 + 2 B(OH) 3 → 3 POCl 3 + B ...
For phosphorus pentachloride as an example, the phosphorus atom shares a plane with three chlorine atoms at 120° angles to each other in equatorial positions, and two more chlorine atoms above and below the plane (axial or apical positions).
A pentachloride is a compound or ion that contains five chlorine atoms or ions. Common pentachlorides include: Antimony pentachloride, SbCl 5; Arsenic pentachloride, AsCl 5; Molybdenum pentachloride, MoCl 5; Niobium pentachloride, NbCl 5; Phosphorus pentachloride, PCl 5; Protactinium pentachloride, PaCl 5; Osmium pentachloride, OsCl 5; Rhenium ...
Alkyl chlorides are most easily prepared by treating alcohols with thionyl chloride (SOCl 2) or phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5), but also commonly with sulfuryl chloride (SO 2 Cl 2) and phosphorus trichloride (PCl 3): ROH + SOCl 2 → RCl + SO 2 + HCl 3 ROH + PCl 3 → 3 RCl + H 3 PO 3 ROH + PCl 5 → RCl + POCl 3 + HCl
Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5), sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6), chlorine trifluoride (ClF 3), the chlorite (ClO − 2) ion in chlorous acid and the triiodide (I − 3) ion are examples of hypervalent molecules.
Phosphorus trichloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PCl 3. A colorless liquid when pure, it is an important industrial chemical , being used for the manufacture of phosphites and other organophosphorus compounds .