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Longyearbyen (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈlɔ̀ŋjɛrˌbyːən], [3] locally [ˈlɔ̀ŋjɑrˌbyːən], "Longyear Town") is the world's northernmost settlement with a population greater than 1,000, and the largest inhabited area of Svalbard, Norway.
Ny-Ålesund has a winter population of 35 and a summer population of 180. [53] Poland operates the Polish Polar Station at Hornsund, with ten permanent residents. [45] Barentsburg is the only remaining Russian settlement, after Pyramiden was abandoned in 1998. A company town, all facilities are owned by Arktikugol, which operates a coal mine.
Just below this settlement at 78.12° N is Svalbard's primary city, Longyearbyen, which has a population of over 2,000. When occupied for a few weeks some years, the northernmost temporary settlement in the world is Camp Barneo, a Russian tourist attraction located near 88°11'00" N. As of 2022, it had not been occupied since 2018. [1]
The location of Svalbard An enlargeable map of Svalbard. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Svalbard: . Svalbard – incorporated territory of the Kingdom of Norway comprising the Svalbard Archipelago in the Arctic Ocean about midway between mainland Norway and the North Pole. [1]
Hornsund (Polish research station, population of 8) Longyearbyen (population of ≈2,000) Ny-Ålesund (population of 40) Sveagruva (population of 310, none living permanently) No roads link the settlements on the island; transportation includes boat, airplane, helicopter, and snowmobile. The gateway to Svalbard is Svalbard Airport, Longyearbyen.
"Normalization" was a term coined in the 1970s to transform Longyearbyen from a company town to a regular community. [68] The first steps towards local democracy were taken with the 1971 establishment of the Svalbard Council for the Norwegian population, although it only had a commentary function. [69]
The island's only population is a combined military and meteorological outpost that operated a LORAN-C transmitter at Olonkinbyen. [9] The Norwegian Meteorological Institute annexed the island for Norway in 1922. On 27 February 1930, the island was made de jure a part of the Kingdom of Norway.
Norwegian-born to immigrant parents in per cent of total population Total 877 227 213 810 16.0 3.9 Nordic countries except Norway, EU/EFTA, UK, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand 378 076 51 274 6.9 0.9 Europe except EU/EFTA and UK, Africa, Asia, America except USA and Canada, Oceania except Australia and New Zealand, polar regions 499 150 162 535