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An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch.Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports.
Colorado Street Bridge, an example of a false skew arch. The strength of a regular arch (also known as a "square" or "right" arch) comes from the fact that the mass of the structure and its superincumbent load cause lines of force that are carried by the stones into the ground and the abutments without producing any tendency for the stones to slide with respect to one another.
The design principle behind the Burr arch truss is that the arch should be capable of bearing the entire load on the bridge while the truss keeps the bridge rigid. Even though the kingpost truss alone is capable of bearing a load, this was done because it is impossible to evenly balance a dynamic load crossing the bridge between the two parts. [5]
An early example of the three-hinged design (c. 1885, Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof)Early arch bridges were fixed arches. The two-hinged bridge was developed by the engineers Couche and Salle in 1858 for a wrought iron bridge carrying the Paris-Creil railway line across the Canal Saint-Denis.
The Ponte Vecchio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈponte ˈvɛkkjo]; [1] "Old Bridge") [2] is a medieval stone closed-spandrel segmental arch bridge over the Arno, in Florence, Italy.The only bridge in Florence spared from destruction during World War II, it is noted for the shops built along it; building shops on such bridges was once a common practice.
Illustration of Construction Scaffolding, prepared by Assistant Engineer Alfred L. Rives in 1859. Alfred Landon Rives (b. 1830), designer of the Union Arch Bridge.. While the bridge was being designed and constructed, it was referred to as "Union Arch", "Bridge No. 4" or "Cabin John Bridge" in drawings and government correspondence. [10]
Thomas Viaduct of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad as an example of a basket handle arch. Engineering drawing of the Arches at Thomas Viaduct in Relay, Maryland. This Basket-handle arch stone bridge with three centers [6] is divided into eight spans. The bridge deck is 26' wide, broad enough to hold a double track.
The actual resolution of forces will depend upon the bridge' design. [1] If no horizontal thrusting forces are generated, this becomes an arch-shaped truss which is essentially a bent beam – see moon bridge for an example. If horizontal thrust is generated but the apex of the arch is a pin joint, this is termed as a three-hinged arch.