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It is also used for topical airway anaesthesia for procedures such as awake fibreoptic bronchoscopy or intubation. Although some absorption and systemic effects may occur, the use of cocaine as a topical anesthetic and vasoconstrictor is generally safe, rarely causing cardiovascular toxicity, glaucoma, and pupil dilation.
Cocaine's classification as a narcotic under U.S. legal code, as has been stretched to be medicinally rationalized such when defining terms very broadly (due to its topical numbing affect, hindering pain signals from CNS recognition via local anesthesia) usually considered an exaggeration of traditional medicine naming convention, in this ...
Leaves of the coca plant (Erythroxylum novogranatense var. Novogranatense), from which cocaine, a naturally occurring local anesthetic, is derived [1] [2]. An anesthetic (American English) or anaesthetic (British English; see spelling differences) is a drug used to induce anesthesia — in other words, to result in a temporary loss of sensation or awareness.
Many local anesthetics fall into two general chemical classes, amino esters (top) and amino amides (bottom). A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, [1] providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes ...
Norcocaine is a minor metabolite of cocaine. It is the only confirmed pharmacologically active metabolite of cocaine, [1] although salicylmethylecgonine is also speculated to be an active metabolite. The local anesthetic potential of norcocaine has been shown to be higher than that of cocaine, [2] [3] however cocaine continues to be more widely ...
In addition to the added potency, the drug has a “low cost,” which leads drug dealers to mix fentanyl with drugs like “heroin, methamphetamine and cocaine, increasing the likelihood of a ...
Dimethocaine is often abused as a legal substitute for cocaine. The drug is administered intravenously or nasally, because ingestion would lead to rapid hydrolyzation. [5] Its positive effects are euphoria, stimulation, increased talkativeness and mood lift. [6] However, because the drug acts similar as cocaine, it has comparable negative side ...
A partial autopsy conducted on former One Direction singer Liam Payne found multiple substances in his system when he fell to his death from the third-floor balcony of a hotel room in Argentina ...