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  2. Botulism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botulism

    Botulism can occur in many vertebrates and invertebrates. Botulism has been reported in such species as rats, mice, chicken, frogs, toads, goldfish, aplysia, squid, crayfish, drosophila and leeches. [95] Death from botulism is common in waterfowl; an estimated 10,000 to 100,000 birds die of botulism annually. The disease is commonly called ...

  3. Clostridium botulinum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium_botulinum

    Depending on the type of botulism considered, different tests for diagnosis may be indicated. Foodborne botulism: serum analysis for toxins by bioassay in mice should be done, as the demonstration of the toxins is diagnostic. [62] Wound botulism: isolation of C. botulinum from the wound site should be attempted, as growth of the bacteria is ...

  4. Cat health - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat_health

    Domestic cats are affected by over 250 naturally occurring hereditary disorders, many of which are similar to those in humans, such as diabetes, hemophilia and Tay–Sachs disease. [ 3 ] [ 5 ] For example, Abyssinian cat 's pedigree contains a genetic mutation that causes retinitis pigmentosa , which also affects humans.

  5. Botulinum toxin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botulinum_toxin

    Botulinum toxin, or botulinum neurotoxin (commonly called botox), is a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and related species. [24] It prevents the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine from axon endings at the neuromuscular junction, thus causing flaccid paralysis. [25]

  6. Microbial toxin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_toxin

    Most Clostridium species that do have toxins typically have binary toxins with the first unit involved in getting the toxin into the cell and the second unit cause cellular stress or deformation. [6] Clostridial toxins are widespread and aid in the production of many diseases in humans and other organisms.

  7. 3 Vet-Approved Tips to Keep Cats Cool in the Summer Heat

    www.aol.com/3-vet-approved-tips-keep-220400756.html

    Help your feline friend stay safe this summer with these tips to keep your cat cool. A veterinarian weighs in on the best ways to keep them from overheating. 3 Vet-Approved Tips to Keep Cats Cool ...

  8. Sterilization (microbiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)

    Microorganisms growing on an agar plate. Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. [1]

  9. Heptavalent botulism antitoxin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptavalent_botulism_antitoxin

    BAT is the only FDA-approved product available for treating botulism in adults, and for botulism in infants caused by botulinum toxins other than types A and B. BAT has been used to treat a case of type F infant botulism and, on a case-by-case basis, may be used for future cases of non-type A and non-type B infant botulism. [4]