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Metacognitive training (MCT) is an approach for treating the symptoms of psychosis in schizophrenia, [1] especially delusions, [2] which has been adapted for other disorders such as depression, obsessive–compulsive disorder and borderline over the years (see below). It was developed by Steffen Moritz and Todd Woodward.
Metacognitive training (MCT): In view of many empirical findings [121] suggesting deficits of metacognition (thinking about one's thinking, reflecting upon one's cognitive process) in patients with schizophrenia, metacognitive training (MCT) [121] [122] is increasingly adopted as a complementary treatment approach.
Metacognitive therapy (MCT) is a psychotherapy focused on modifying metacognitive beliefs that perpetuate states of worry, rumination and attention fixation. [1] It was created by Adrian Wells [2] based on an information processing model by Wells and Gerald Matthews. [3] It is supported by scientific evidence from a large number of studies. [4] [5]
Following the work of Asher Koriat, [84] who regards confidence as central aspect of metacognition, metacognitive training for psychosis aims at decreasing overconfidence in patients with schizophrenia and raising awareness of cognitive biases. According to a meta-analysis, [85] this type of intervention improves delusions and hallucinations.
Meta-analyses on cognitive remediation [5] usually also consider interventions targeting social cognition and metacognition, such as social cognition and intervention training and metacognitive training. Cognitive remediation can be delivered in 1-to-1 or groups sessions for early psychosis. [6] [7]
Metacognitive training (MCT) is associated with reduced delusions, hallucinations and negative symptoms as well as improved self-esteem and functioning in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. [144]