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In electrical circuits, reactance is the opposition presented to alternating current by inductance and capacitance. [1] Along with resistance, it is one of two elements of impedance; however, while both elements involve transfer of electrical energy, no dissipation of electrical energy as heat occurs in reactance; instead, the reactance stores energy until a quarter-cycle later when the energy ...
Resonance occurs when an LC circuit is driven from an external source at an angular frequency ω 0 at which the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal in magnitude. The frequency at which this equality holds for the particular circuit is called the resonant frequency.
A Magic Triangle image mnemonic - when the terms of Ohm's law are arranged in this configuration, covering the unknown gives the formula in terms of the remaining parameters. It can be adapted to similar equations e.g. F = ma , v = fλ , E = mcΔT , V = π r 2 h and τ = rF sin θ .
Inductive reactance is the opposition of an inductor to an alternating current. [21] It is defined analogously to electrical resistance in a resistor, as the ratio of the amplitude (peak value) of the alternating voltage to current in the component = = Reactance has units of ohms.
The initial conditions are that the capacitor is at voltage, V 0, and there is no current flowing in the inductor. If the inductance L is known, then the remaining parameters are given by the following – capacitance: = , resistance (total of circuit and load):
In practice, capacitors deviate from the ideal capacitor equation in several aspects. Some of these, such as leakage current and parasitic effects are linear, or can be analyzed as nearly linear, and can be accounted for by adding virtual components to form an equivalent circuit. The usual methods of network analysis can then be applied. [34]
It may be inductive = or capacitive =, where is the angular frequency of a magnetic current, is the magnetic inductiance of a circuit, is the magnetic capacitance of a circuit. The magnetic reactance of an undeveloped circuit with the inductance and the capacitance which are connected in series, is equal: x = x L − x C = ω L M − 1 ω C M ...
The stub is made capacitive or inductive according to whether the main line presents an inductive or capacitive impedance, respectively. This is not the same as the actual impedance of the load since the reactive part of the load impedance will be subject to impedance transformer action and the resistive part.