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  2. Morphology (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_(linguistics)

    In linguistics, morphology is the study of words, including the principles by which they are formed, and how they relate to one another within a language. [1] [2] Most approaches to morphology investigate the structure of words in terms of morphemes, which are the smallest units in a language with some independent meaning.

  3. Well-formedness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well-formedness

    A word may be phonologically well-formed, meaning it conforms to the sound pattern of the language. For example, the nonce word wug coined by Jean Berko Gleason is phonologically well-formed, so informants are able to pluralize it regularly. [1] A word, phrase, clause, or utterance may be grammatically well-formed, meaning it obeys the rules of ...

  4. Formal language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_language

    Structure of the syntactically well-formed, although thoroughly nonsensical, English sentence, "Colorless green ideas sleep furiously" (historical example from Chomsky 1957) In logic , mathematics , computer science , and linguistics , a formal language consists of words whose letters are taken from an alphabet and are well-formed according to ...

  5. Syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntax

    In linguistics, syntax (/ ˈ s ɪ n t æ k s / SIN-taks) [1] [2] is the study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences.Central concerns of syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), [3] agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning ().

  6. Linguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistics

    Linguistics is the scientific study of language. [1] [2] [3] The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds and equivalent gestures in sign languages), phonology (the abstract sound system of a particular language, and analogous systems of sign languages), and pragmatics ...

  7. Grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar

    Syntax refers to the linguistic structure above the word level (for example, how sentences are formed) – though without taking into account intonation, which is the domain of phonology. Morphology, by contrast, refers to the structure at and below the word level (for example, how compound words are formed), but above the level of individual ...

  8. Linguistic typology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_typology

    Languages with bound case markings for nouns, for example, tend to have more flexible word orders than languages where case is defined by position within a sentence or presence of a preposition. For example, in some languages with bound case markings for nouns, such as Language X, varying degrees of freedom in constituent order are observed.

  9. Syntactic Structures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntactic_Structures

    Consequently, language data empirically observed by impersonal third parties are given less importance. [106] Influence of The Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory. According to Sampson, Syntactic Structures largely owes its good fortune of becoming the dominant theoretical paradigm in the following years to the charisma of Chomsky's intellect.