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A motor capacitor [1] [2] is an electrical capacitor that alters the current to one or more windings of a single-phase alternating-current induction motor to create a rotating magnetic field. [ citation needed ] There are two common types of motor capacitors, start capacitor and run capacitor (including a dual run capacitor ).
Power capacitors, motor capacitors, DC-link capacitors, suppression capacitors, audio crossover capacitors, lighting ballast capacitors, snubber capacitors, coupling, decoupling or bypassing capacitors. Often, more than one capacitor family is employed for these applications, e.g. interference suppression can use ceramic capacitors or film ...
As an example, consider the use of a 10 hp, 1760 r/min, 440 V, three-phase induction motor (a.k.a. induction electrical machine in an asynchronous generator regime) as asynchronous generator. The full-load current of the motor is 10 A and the full-load power factor is 0.8. Required capacitance per phase if capacitors are connected in delta:
Diagram comparing construction of three types of capacitors: electrostatic (normal), electrolytic (high capacity) and electrochemical (supercapacitors). Date 6 July 2006
The start capacitor is typically mounted to the side of the motor housing. These are called capacitor-start motors, and have relatively high starting torque. There are also capacitor-run induction motors which have a permanently connected phase-shifting capacitor in series with a second winding. The motor is much like a two-phase induction motor.
A simple transformer and its gyrator-capacitor model. R is the reluctance of the physical magnetic circuit. The gyrator–capacitor model [1] - sometimes also the capacitor-permeance model [2] - is a lumped-element model for magnetic circuits, that can be used in place of the more common resistance–reluctance model.
Capacitor-run induction motors have a permanently connected phase-shifting capacitor in series with a second winding. The motor is much like a two-phase induction motor. Motor-starting capacitors are typically non-polarized electrolytic types, while running capacitors are conventional paper or plastic film dielectric types.
An electrostatic motor or capacitor motor is a type of electric motor based on the attraction and repulsion of electric charge. An alternative type of electrostatic motor is the spacecraft electrostatic ion drive thruster where forces and motion are created by electrostatically accelerating ions.